Process and apparatus for regulating the density of fluids containing solid particles



Feb. 2, 1932.

- I.. BERGUERAND 8 8 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE DENSITY OFFLUIDS CONTAINING SOLID PARTICLES .Filed NOV. 20, 1925 Patented Feb; 2,1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE" LUCIElT FEBGUERAHD, OI B'ZOLBEBG, om,ASBIGNOB T soomrn Om DEB are not used in grinding an the liquids inwhich they were in suspension,

IANUI'ACTUBEB DES GLAGES at PBODUI'llB CBIIIQUES DE samr-ooaam, CHLUNY &C'IBEY, 0F PARIS, FRANCE PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR BEGULLTDI'G THEDENSITY OI FLUIDS comm SOLID PARTICLES Application filed November 20,1985, Serial Io. 70,431, and in Germany November 28, 19134.

The present invention has for its purpose to provide a device designedtoregu ate the density of mixtures of water and solid partides and moreparticularly'abrasives serving for grinding and smoothing glass, marblesand other materials.

Heretofore, in order to provide apparatus for grinding and smoothingglass, marbles and other materials, with the desiredproportions ofabrasive materials, each material was first put in suspension in thewater, being classified in grains of difierent sizes. The solidmaterials thus classified settled in the compartments of the classifyingapparatus or in tanks or-deposit vats, from which they were taken toform abrasive mixtures of suitable concentration, which were then sentat the desired time to the materials to be ,20 ground and smoothed.

"The inconveniences which this manner of operation presents, reside inthe discontinuity 'h d f l t th ed d a or examp e, o e annex rawings ofoperations, which has for its efl'ect: I 1. To permit the classifiedabrasive materialsto separate, during the (periods when they smoothing,from and to) accumulate at the bottom of the classifying compartments,or in the deposit vats.

It results from this that when it is desired to utilize these materialsto the extent needed it is difiicult to extract them from saidcompartments or vats, the diiiiculty being greater as the materials aremore fine, and stored for longer periods.

2. To necessitate a special regulation of the concentration for eachgrinding and smoothing operation.

3. To require cumbersome installations and complicated and delicatemanipulation.

The present invention has for its object to overcome these defects byoperating and regulating in a continuous manner the concentration ofeach liquid mixture which contains in suspension grains of predeterminedmixtures, each of these apparatus being composed of two parts, to-wit:

1. A concentrating device or concentrator, from which on the one handthe concentrated mixture passes out, and on the other the excess ofdecanted liquid.

2. A regulating device operating in such manner that when the degree ofconcentration of the mixture should be weaker, the passage of themixture is delayed, which increases the accumulation of grains in,theconcentrator, -whereas when the degree of concentration both devices,are again sent to the classifier or are eliminated if they are inexcess.

To illustrate these ideas, reference is to be showing ,an embodiment ofthe present invention.

Fig. 1 illustrates in vertical section the complete apparatus composedof the concentrating and regulating devices.

' Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the concentrator.

Fig. 3 shows a modified form of partition which may be used in theconcentrator.

As shown in-these drawings, the concentrator is composed of a tank ahaving two inclined walls 6 and containing inclined separatingpartitions c, the effect of which is to aid the descent of the grainsand the ascent of the decanted liquid. The number and the inclination ofthese partitions are chosen according to the volume of mixture toconcentrate and according to the size and nature of the grains suspendedin the mixture.

These separator partitions are formed by plates of sheet iron or othermaterial, in flat, curved or undulated form.

A pipe d, opening at e at a suitable level, conveys to the tank themixture of water and previously classified abrasives. Notches f in theseparator partitions permit the mixture to fill equally all parts of thetank.

The bottom of the tank where the concen- There provided with a. rod m;This is connected at z to the middle point of an adjustable sprin nlimiting the reciprocation of the float. t

' carries two valves p and 9 adapted to regulate the passage of theconcentrated mixture through the openings 1' and a, through which thismixture flows into the receiver j. A tube t provides a communicationbetween the up- 1 per art of the opening r and the lower part of t e oening a.

Final y the receiver i has an outlet opening u, through which theproperly con'cen-- trated mixture is carriedpaway by means of a pipe 1:.This pipe outlet w is at a suitable level in order to main-' tain thefloat Z immersed, A clearing cock 2:

is laced at the lower part of the pipe 0 in or er to permit the emptyingand cleaning of the whole apparatus, when required.

The operatlon is-as follows:

The mixture of liquid and abrasive material arrives at e and fills the sace between. the various partitions, due to .t e notches f.

The effect of these. partitions is to cause a more rapid descent of thegrains toward the lower part 9 of the tank, thus increasing theconcentration of the mixture in this lower art.. At the same time thedecanted liquid 15 taken ofi by way of a tube 2'.

The concentrated mixture leaves through the openin h and is conveyed bythe pipe k to the regu ating device.

This is so arranged that, in normal operation, thevalves p and g aremoderatelyv open. If the concentration of the mixture in creases, thefloat rises. The valves open wide and the circulation of the mixture isaccelerated which reduces its concentration in hopper g. If, on theother hand, the density of the mixture diminishes the valves reduce thesection of the passage, which permits the mix ture to become roperlyconcentrated at g.

and q. It'is also possible to operate'with a single valve by eliminatingthe tube t.

It is to be understood that the construction described above is givenonly by way. of example, and that the shapes, dimensions and structuraldetailed the elements constituting the invention may be modified-asneeded.

What I claim as my invention is:

has a goose neck whose 1. In an a paratus of the class described; thecombination of a chamber having inclined clarified waterya chambercontainin a float l and connected to the bottom of t e first namedchamber,and a valve controlling such the movements of the float due tothe density of the liquid issuing from the first named chamber. c 2. Inan apparatus of the class described,

the combination with a vessel containing a liquid and having in thebottom thereof solid plaorticles, of a container for a liquid issuin'partment in the base of said vessel, an outlet .at the top of saidvessel vfor the clarified liquid, a tank containing a submerged floatconnected to the first named vessel and a valve connected to the floatand interposed between the two vessels, said valve regulating thedensity of the li uid which issues from the first named vesse LUCIENBERGUERAND.

The device s own comprises two valves p connection and actuated inaccordance. with I a In an apparatus of the class described,

